Abstract Being involved in the synthesis of precursors for amphetamine and amphetamine-like drugs, pyridine (Py) may be also regarded as a by-product found when these drugs are obtained via the Leuckart method. Also, pyridine is well known as a biomarker of microorganisms, when those are subjected to pyrolysis before analysis by various instrumental techniques. Consequently, since Py is not commonly found in the air, its presence as a contaminant at trace levels in a room could ind...
Autori: George-Bogdan Ghira
ISSN: 1843 - 3707
http://www.ecozone.ro/reviste.php?RID=26109

Abstract Volcanic hazard is ignored in natural hazard studies in Romania because no active volcano is known on its territory. However, the 2010 eruption of Eyjafjallajökull volcano in Iceland and its consequences on air traffic safety across Europe and the whole northern hemisphere dramatically demonstrated that volcanic hazard in a certain area, such as a country, is not necessarily related to the presence of active volcanoes in the same territory. Therefore, target-focused approa...
Autori: Alexandru Szakács
ISSN: 1843 - 3707
http://www.ecozone.ro/reviste.php?RID=26146

EDITORIAL...
Autori:
ISSN: 1843 - 3707
http://www.ecozone.ro/reviste.php?RID=26388

AbstractThe success of rescue in toxic, flammable and explosive environments can accurately be quantified by the number of injuredcaught at the event that occurs, identified, reanimated and transported safely to the nearest hospital or point of granting the firstaid. Unfortunately, in most cases, the area where these activities are developed, research is more or less accessible due to thepresence of smoke, toxic or explosive gases or lack of visibility. For this reason, most often we are witness...
Autori: Artur Găman
ISSN: 1843 - 3707
http://www.ecozone.ro/reviste.php?RID=26403

AbstractStatic electricity represents one of the potential ignition sources for the explosive atmospheres. The test methods for materials, ingeneral, and especially the test methods for textile fabrics for assessment of the protective performances in static electricity, haveknown a permanent evolution alongside newly developed electrostatically dissipative materials. Within the National Institute ofResearch and Development for Safety in Mines and Explosion Protection (INCD-INSEMEX) new testing s...
Autori: Mihaela Părăian
ISSN: 1843 - 3707
http://www.ecozone.ro/reviste.php?RID=26405

AbstractIn industrial plants many types of combustible dusts are generated, processed, handled and stored. When ignited, they can burnrapidly and with a considerable explosion force, when mixed with air in proper proportions. This is the reason why adequateprecautions have to be adopted, to ensure all equipment is appropriately protected so that the ignition likelihood of the explosiveatmosphere is diminished.Explosion preventing and protection precautions aim to stop explosion occurrence, by el...
Autori: Adrian Jurca
ISSN: 1843 - 3707
http://www.ecozone.ro/reviste.php?RID=26406

AbstractResearches aim to develop new knowledge in the metal cutting field, using a relatively new technique with a low number ofapplications nationwide, namely the flexible explosive charge with cumulative effect for fast and precise cutting of metals. Theprocedure of cutting with explosives is a process that involves using and handling materials in their solid phase.This procedure isespecially applied in cases where materials are mostly metals and it uses a directed and controlled cumulative e...
Autori: Ilie Ciprian Jitea
ISSN: 1843 - 3707
http://www.ecozone.ro/reviste.php?RID=26410

AbstractUsing the blasting machines in explosive atmosphere involves the fulfillment of certain basic safety requirementst in Europe.Testing blasting machines to assess compliance with specific requirements is particularly important given the existing risk ofexplosion that has to be minimized so as to ensure safety of life, health and environment and to prevent damage to property andthe environment. This paper addresses the analysis of the essential health and safety requirements for blasting ma...
Autori: Leonard Lupu
ISSN: 1843 - 3707
http://www.ecozone.ro/reviste.php?RID=26416

Abstract The paper presents a study on the hazards associated with solid ammonium nitrate (AN) storage and handling, in particular the hazard of explosion. Due to its flammable and explosive characteristics, AN is largely used as an explosive material in the mining industry. Some specific problems encountered in the risk estimation are related to the determination of the explosive power of the AN, which depends on several characteristics. The simulation results of AN explosion using differen...
Autori: Zoltán Török
ISSN: 1843 - 3707
http://www.ecozone.ro/reviste.php?RID=26891

This paper presents an analytical approach to the evaluation concept of professional risk specific to activities of controlled demolition with civil use explosives of industrial/civil objectives, ensuring the appropriate level of safety to the effects generated by performing blasting to these types of constructions. The scientific research highlighted in this article was performed within the Project PN 7:45 1:28 in the frame of The National Programme for Research and Development CORE/2014. Th...
Autori: Gabriel Dragoş Vasilescu
ISSN: 1843 - 3707
http://www.ecozone.ro/reviste.php?RID=27141

Although the main reason for the extraction of methane from coal beds continues to address ensuring the safety of workers, an important driver is the need to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases. In order to identify potential technical problems specific for available technologies implementation, we performed a comparative critical analysis, based on which the technically feasible systems resulted, their further selection being based on detailed analysis in financial and investment terms. The re...
Autori: Lucian-Ionel Cioca
ISSN: 1843 - 3707
http://www.ecozone.ro/reviste.php?RID=27350

In the economic activities related to combustible substances, it may occur possible emissions and explosive atmospheres. Some typical examples include industrial activities in general, firedamp mines and power generation in particular. The aim of this paper is to accentuate hidden aspects regarding ignition sensitivity of moisturized air methane mixtures. Therefore, the first objective of the paper is to emphasize the air humidity as an extra factor needed to be considered in relation to igniti...
Autori: Marius Darie
ISSN: 1843 - 3707
http://www.ecozone.ro/reviste.php?RID=27351

Working in confined (limited) spaces represents a risk factor generating unwanted accidents or events, having an impact on human health. The success of intervention and rescue operations in toxic or chemical aggressive environments lies in optimal and efficient design of the training process for rescue personnel, which also includes rescue operations in confined spaces. The paper presents the scientific research behind designing and building a complex training facility with different training t...
Autori: George Artur Găman
ISSN: 1843 - 3707
http://www.ecozone.ro/reviste.php?RID=27353

In quarries, hard rock blasting is done effectively using explosives for civil use. Perhaps, the most used technical solution for decreasing the seismic effects due to blasting is sequential blasting in front of the quarry. This technical solution involves the use of proper means of initiating explosives, which have to meet certain characteristics able of leading to the achievement of the intended purpose. This paper describes one of the methods of verification and the testing results for non-el...
Autori: Edward Gheorghiosu
ISSN: 1843 - 3707
http://www.ecozone.ro/reviste.php?RID=27354

This paper aims to study the behavior of air-gas explosion systems, in terms of propagation speed of pressure wave and flame front, based on experimental measurements in a shock tube, in order to prevent accidental pollution with the combustion gases. The characteristic parameters of the explosion process determined using the shock tube, the velocity of propagation of the flame front, the speed of propagation of the wave of pressure, explosion pressure at various distances from the source of in...
Autori: Emilian Ghicioi
ISSN: 1843 - 3707
http://www.ecozone.ro/reviste.php?RID=27355

This paper displays the results of the studies obtained according to the tests performed within INSEMEX explosives testing facilities, which concerns the establishing, on scientific grounds, of a procedure system of assessing the safety parameters for explosive charges used in fire-damp hazard mines, with a view to observe labour safety and health requirements while resorting to the safe and efficient rock blasting with explosives. As important results, it should be underlined the fact that the...
Autori: Attila Kovacs
ISSN: 1843 - 3707
http://www.ecozone.ro/reviste.php?RID=27356

Explosion-proof equipment must be designed so that the ignition of the surrounding explosive atmosphere to be avoided. This is very important because an explosion can have particular implications over goods, life and not least over the environment. One of the ignition sources of an explosive atmosphere is represented by hot surfaces. Each equipment designed to operate in explosive atmospheres develops a maximum surface temperature. The specific standards used to assess explosion protection chara...
Autori: Lucian Moldovan
ISSN: 1843 - 3707
http://www.ecozone.ro/reviste.php?RID=27358

Areas within which could arise explosive atmospheres having high concentrations, therefore requiring special precautions so as to guard the health and safety of concerned employees, are considered to be dangerous. If the electrical equipment used in these hazardous locations is not properly selected and installed for operating in explosive atmospheres, they are likely to generate an ignition and to result in explosion type events with significant environmental and material damages and, moreover...
Autori: Vlad Mihai Păsculescu
ISSN: 1843 - 3707
http://www.ecozone.ro/reviste.php?RID=27360

Noise causes masking effect of the safety signals and alarms, covers the warning acoustic messages of danger and reduces attention and concentration capacity. To these may be added the degradation of communication between workers equipped with hearing protective equipment and it creates difficulties to locate the direction of danger signals. This article presents two researches regarding noise exposure level of the workers on a marine platform and a gas compressing station and establishes techn...
Autori: Silviu-Nicolae Platon
ISSN: 1843 - 3707
http://www.ecozone.ro/reviste.php?RID=27362

This paper presents the research results on the development and implementation of a traceable and efficient system which is characterized by a high accuracy level, transposed within a specialized IT application in order to properly implement certain sampling schemes required for assessing the conformity of civil use explosives and pyrotechnic articles, in compliance with the European Directives 93/15/EEC (new 2014/28/EU) and 2007/23/EC (new 2013/29/UE). The scientific research results emphasized...
Autori: Daniela Rus
ISSN: 1843 - 3707
http://www.ecozone.ro/reviste.php?RID=27365

In the process of underground coal mining a complex network of vertical, horizontal and inclined mine workings with the purpose of extraction, transportation and evacuation to the surface are utilized. The mining workings are also being utilized for ventilation network system, which is also used for ensuring the oxygen supply necessary for workers, as well for diluting explosive gases and/or toxic substances and, ultimately, for exhausting the heat resulted from underground workings. For air flo...
Autori: Marius Simion Morar
ISSN: 1843 - 3707
http://www.ecozone.ro/reviste.php?RID=27372

The purpose of this paper is to present the tests carried out on cable entries with a flameproof enclosure protection type used in potentially explosive atmospheres. Assessment of explosion-protected electrical equipment is accomplished through tests carried out in accordance with the standard SR EN 60079-0, which includes all general requirements for explosion-protected electrical equipment. The requirements of this standard are supplemented with those for each type of protection in separat...
Autori: Dragoş Fotău
ISSN: 1843 - 3707
http://www.ecozone.ro/reviste.php?RID=27952

In order to have a proper image of the seismic effect generated by blasting works performed in quarries, the assessment methods applied before starting the blasting activity using explosives for civil use have to take into account as many information as possible with regard to blasting conditions, type of explosive, blasting technique, characteristics of the environment in which the explosive is detonated and in which the seismic waves are generated. Given the complex mode of propagation of s...
Autori: Edward Gheorghiosu
ISSN: 1843 - 3707
http://www.ecozone.ro/reviste.php?RID=27953

Intervention and rescue activities require knowledge of the real situation in the affected area as accurately as possible. Therefore, the physical exploration of this area is at the same time necessary and risky. The use of drones from a safe distance can protect the intervention team from exposure to unknown hazards. Endowment of the drone with a suite of sensors such as high resolution cameras, thermal imaging, infrared, and gas detection equipment permits vital data to be transmitted to t...
Autori: Alin Irimia
ISSN: 1843 - 3707
http://www.ecozone.ro/reviste.php?RID=27955

For assessing the intrinsic safety to mechanical sparks, two dedicated methods are implemented in testing laboratories and further used for the conformity assessment of products with regard to explosive atmospheres ignition, namely: impact test and friction test. The purpose of the article is to present the results obtained by using the first method mentioned, results which shall be applied in further research for comparison with the ones resulting from the friction test. The article presents...
Autori: Adrian Marius Jurca
ISSN: 1843 - 3707
http://www.ecozone.ro/reviste.php?RID=27957

The manner in which individuals deal with stressful situations depends on several variables. Personality characteristics, event circumstances, preparedness of individual, personal appraisal of events, pre-existing organizational and personal stressors are all key factors. Psychological resistance to stress can be the result of spontaneous evolution, or can be developed through special training, through programs that increase the threshold beyond which functional alterations may occur, resulti...
Autori: Izabella Kovacs
ISSN: 1843 - 3707
http://www.ecozone.ro/reviste.php?RID=27958

The research carried out in the specialized Laboratory of the National Institute for Research and Development in Mine Safety and Explosion Protection - INSEMEX Petrosani has identified the causes of high pressure peaks occurrence in the case of large electric motor enclosures as: the extremely large internal volume, the geometrical shape of motor enclosures and the very intricate and complex internal arrangement of such motor enclosures, having in mind the tendency of motor manufacturers for ...
Autori: Mihai Magyari
ISSN: 1843 - 3707
http://www.ecozone.ro/reviste.php?RID=27960

The current paper is an overview on previous and ongoing research carried out by the authors concerning the use of Computational Fluid Dynamics for the accurate classification of hazardous Ex areas generated by flammable gases, for the optimization of computational simulation of air-methane mixture explosions by using ANSYS CFX and FLUENT and for calibrating computational simulations of gas explosions using the Schlieren effect. These research works containing analytic studies have led to the...
Autori: Vlad Mihai Păsculescu
ISSN: 1843 - 3707
http://www.ecozone.ro/reviste.php?RID=27962

Fire and explosion prevention requires the knowledge of the explosive or flammability parameters of combustible gases and vapours that can be found in industrial and civil environments, as well as the influence of certain substances in the process on these parameters. In some cases, pyrophoric sulphides can be formed and it is supposed that they may influence the known flammability parameters of the substances used in various industrial processes. In order to track the influence of iron sulp...
Autori: Maria Prodan
ISSN: 1843 - 3707
http://www.ecozone.ro/reviste.php?RID=27963

Focusing on 199 Chinese cities at or above prefectural level, this paper mainly explores the interaction mechanism between urbanization and carbon emissions in China from 2003 to 2016, and evaluates the benefit and cost of different carbon reduction measures. Specifically, an econometric model was established based on simultaneous equations, and estimated by the generalized method of moments (GMM). The results show that: every 1% increase in the urban percentage of population boosts the gross do...
Autori: Jiajia Li
ISSN: 1843 - 3707
http://www.ecozone.ro/reviste.php?RID=28283