Geochemical cycling of reduced inorganic sulfur in sediments may affect water quality. This study investigated the reduced
inorganic sulfur distribution and environmental behaviour in superficial sediments in different watersheds and coastal zones in
Bohai Bay, China. Acid volatile sulfur (AVS), chromium (II)-reducible sulfur (CRS) and elemental sulfur (ES) distributed in
surface sediment were quantified. Total organic carbon and total nitrogen were presented in higher concentrations in the fluvial
sediment than the coastal sediment, and were also higher in both types of site in the north compared to the south of Bohai Bay.
The composition of reduced inorganic sulfur (RIS) in surface sediment was dominated by CRS and AVS (39% and 38% of the
total RIS, respectively), with ES only accounting for 23% of the total. In marine sediments, sulphate reduction and formation of
sulphides were controlled by TOC, and the high organic content stabilized a large proportion of the sulphide as AVS.
Conversely, in fluvial sediments, sulphide formation was limited by the availability of sulphate.