Abstract
Iodine is essential for the synthesis of thyroid hormones which are extremely important in the process of growth and development
of human body. The effects of iodine deficiency implies thyroid enlargement (goiter) and others disturbances so called iodine
deficiency disorders (IDD). The iodine deficiency is an ancient but still existing problem with medical and environmental
connotation. Soil and water from various regions worldwide are iodine deficient. This problem is aggravated by deforestation and
soil erosion. The determination of iodine deficiency is mainly geological rather than social or economic.
Besides the fortification of different types of foods with iodine and iodization of salt, a multidisciplinary approach is necessary in
order to provide the right amount of iodine to general population.