Abstract
Data envelopment analysis (DEA) has been recently utilized as a multiple criteria tool for environmental performance evaluation
by incorporating undesirable outputs. Most DEA models to measure environmental performance follows the assumptions of crisp
data and radial measures. In this paper, we present a fuzzy non-radial DEA approach with Russell measure for environmental
performance evaluation. A pair of bi-level mathematical programs is formulated to calculate the lower and upper bounds of the
fuzzy efficiency score of the environmental efficiency at specific levels. We transform this pair of bi-level mathematical
programs into a pair of conventional linear programs. A case study of 29 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions of
China using the proposed fuzzy non-radial DEA approach is also presented.