The pickling liquor used in the stainless steel manufacturing process is a mixture of nitric and hydrofluoric acid which generates
wastewater with nitrate concentrations ranging between 500 and 6000 mgNO3--N/L. In the present study, laboratory-scale anoxic
Sequencing Batch Reactors (SBRs) were used to treat high nitrate wastewaters. Two different sludge inocula were tested: one
from a Municipal Solid Waste Leachate Treatment Plant (LTP), and the other from a Sewage Treatment Plant (STP). Methanol
and sugar-rich wastewater were assayed as alternative carbon sources for denitrification. The best results (removal of 700 mg
NO3-N/L in 6 hours of operating) were obtained when using methanol as external carbon source and inoculum from the LTP.
Phylogenetic analysis of the bacteria present in the bioreactors using 16S rDNA sequences showed the presence of members of
three bacterial phyla: Proteobacteria (Alfa, Gamma and Beta classes), Bacteroides and Actinobacteria. Bacteria belonging to the
genera Pseudomonas, Aeromonas, Comamonas, Flavobacterium and Tessaracoccus were identified, Paracoccus being the most
conspicuous denitrifying genus. Although most of the isolated bacteria harbour the nosZ denitrification gene, three of them,
Paracoccus sp R-24665, Paracoccus denitrificans ATCC19367 and Paracoccus sp WB1, stood out in terms of their denitrifying
capacity in both the synthetic and original wastewater, employing methanol as the carbon source. The results open the way to
implementing and optimizing the full-scale treatment of industrial wastewater contaminated with nitrate.