The aim of present study was the effective utilization of waste apple for high yield of ethanol using immobilized cells of
Saccharomyces cerevisiae S-3S through fed-batch fermentation. Low cost biomaterial was also developed for immobilization.
Immobilization was carried out on different inert supports (agar-agar, k-carrageenan, Ca-alginate, sugar cane bagasse and apple
bagasse). The results revealed that immobilized cells of S. cerevisiae S-3S gave high yield of ethanol as compared to free cells.
Maximum ethanol (9.5% v/v) was produced with S. cerevisiae S-3S immobilized cells on sugarcane bagasse. The effects of
different glucose concentration feeding rates on ethanol fermentation were investigated for fed batch culture. The fed batch
culture at 40% glucose concentration feeding rate was proven to be a better fermentation system than the batch culture. Our
findings suggest that fed-batch fermentation improves the efficiency of ethanol production in terms of ethanol concentration and
product yield.