Deforestation and changes in forest cover are subject to the effects of many factors: economic, social, cultural, political, and environmental and their interactions. To assess these factors, one should necessarily know their nature and then model them. Nowadays many models have been introduced to explore deforestation, however most of them are based on past events and do not pay enough attention to socioeconomic factors. Moreover, considering the future is sometimes absent in those models. The present study develops an agent-based model for studying deforestation and changes in forest land cover using a case study. The model assesses deforestation in the past and then concentrates on the future of forest land cover. The study area is located in the north of Iran. The socioeconomic factors considered in this research as agents are farmers, ranchers and lumberjacks. The information and statistics of the agents were gathered over 10 years and so their manner in the forest was simulated. To validate the model, satellite imagery was used. The comparison between the simulated forest and the real one shows the power of the model as being 76% correct considering the Kappa coefficient. The results of forecasting reveal that the forest land cover will be reduced by 189 ha in 10 years’ time. Also the results show that in the study area the ranchers have more severe effects on deforestation than the beneficiaries.